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chapter8 鎴戝\ue18d杩樻槸浣犲\ue18d
楹诲叚琚\ue0a3嫹鍦ㄥ\ue178璁\ue21a\ue17b鐨勬\ue62a瀛愪笂锛屾暣涓\ue043汉蹇\ue0a5\ue6e6鍑烘簻涓嬫\ue62a瀛愩?br />
鍏跺疄浠栧彧鏈変簩鍗佹潵宀侊紝浣嗗洜涓洪暱鏈熺殑姣掔樉锛屼粬鐪嬭捣鏉ユ啍鎮村共宸村緱鍍忎釜椋庡共鐨勭尨瀛愩?br />
灞曡緣鐬ヤ簡鐪间粬鑴镐笂鐨勭儌鐤\ue1c6紝闅旂潃閲戝睘鏍忔潌鎸囦簡浠栦竴涓嬶細鈥滈夯鍏\ue15e効锛屽啀涓嶈\ue1e9锛岃繃浜嗕粖澶╂病鏈轰細浜嗐傗?br />
鈥滀笉鏄\ue224紝浣犱滑璁╂垜璇村暐鍟娾︹︹?br />
楹诲叚鍦ㄦ\ue62a瀛愪笂鎵\ue15d簡鎵\ue168紝浼间箮鍧愬緱寰堜笉鑸掓湇锛屽張鍔ㄤ簡鍑犱笅锛氣滄垜灏辨槸鑷\ue044繁銆佽嚜宸辨娊鐫鐜┾︹︹?br />
灞曡緣闂昏█娌＄珛鍒绘惌鑵旓紝鍊掓槸灏忔潕鍋滀笅鎵撳瓧鐨勫姩浣滐紝浠庣數鑴戝睆骞曞墠鎶\ue103捣澶存潵楠傦細鈥滆繕瑁呰挏锛佷粠浣犺韩涓婃悳鍑烘潵閭ｄ唤閲忥紝鏄\ue21c壒涔堚樻娊鐫鐜┾欑殑锛熲?br />
楹诲叚姊楃潃鑴栧瓙鍙堜笉璇磋瘽浜嗭紝绌跨潃甯冮瀷鐨勮剼鍦ㄥ湴涓婃悡浜嗗嚑涓嬶紝涓浼氱瀯鍑犵溂澧欒\ue757鐨勬憚鍍忔満锛屼竴浼氬張鍘荤湅鑴戣\ue570椤朵笂鐨勭伅娉★紝鏈夌偣鐧剧埅鎸犲績浼肩殑锛屼豢浣涘緢闅鹃泦涓\ue15f敞鎰忓姏銆?br />
灞曡緣鎾╀簡涓嬬溂鐨\ue1c6紝浠庤￥鍏滈噷鎺忓嚭鐑熺洅锛屽湪妗屼笂杞昏交纾曟墦浜嗕袱涓嬶紝浣欏厜娉ㄦ剰鍒伴夯鍏\ue160殑瑙嗙嚎鍦ㄧ\ue0c7涓鏃堕棿灏辫\ue766杩欑儫鐩掑惛寮曚綇锛岄偅涓ゅ彧鎵嬮浮鐖\ue043技鐨勶紝鏀ョ揣浜嗗張鏉惧紑銆?br />
鈥滆繖娆￠\ue1be潃浣犵殑鏃跺欙紝浣犺韩涓婇偅浜涗笢瑗垮\ue644鍒ゅ\ue63f灏戝勾鐨勶紝鑷\ue044繁澶ф\ue6e7鐭ラ亾鍚э紵鈥濆睍杈夎\ue1e9锛屽叾瀹炰粬鍘嬫牴娌℃墦绠楀惉杩欎釜姣掕穿鐨勫洖绛旓細鈥滀綘瑕佹槸杩樹笉鍚愬彛锛岄偅鍚庨潰鍙\ue21d兘灏变笉鏄\ue21c敤鈥樺勾鈥欓噺鍒戜簡銆傗?br />
鈥溾︹︹?br />
楹诲叚钃﹀湴鎶栦簡涓涓嬶紝浠栫煡閬撹繖涓\ue047\ue11f瀵熶笉鏄\ue21a悡鍞\ue0ff粬锛屼篃鏄庣櫧浠栫殑瑷澶栦箣鎰忊斺斾粬琚\ue0a3姄鐨勫綋鏅氬凡缁忓嚭浜嗕竴閮ㄥ垎璐т簡锛屽姞涓婂綋鏃惰韩涓婂墿涓嬬殑閭ｄ簺鍐版瘨鈥斺斿崄浜斿勾寰涓娾︹︽棤鏈熴佹\ue134鍒戯紝閮芥湁鍙\ue21d兘銆?br />
鈥滄垜鈥︹︹?br />
浠栨姈寰楁洿鍘夊\ue18a浜嗕簺锛屾姮鐪煎嵈鐩村嬀鍕惧湴鐩\ue21c潃灞曡緣鎵嬮噷鐨勭儫銆傝韩涓婅秺鏉ヨ秺闅惧彈锛屼粬鎯宠\ue6e6浼告墜鍘绘尃瑁搁湶鍦ㄥ\ue63b鐨勭毊鑲わ紝鍙\ue21b槸鎵嬭剼閮借\ue766闄愬埗浣忥紝鍙\ue044ソ浼搁暱浜嗚剸瀛愬湪鎵嬮搻涓婁娇鍔插湴韫\ue168紝鍢撮噷灞呯劧杩樺捒鍜垮憖鍛鍦板摷鍞ц捣鏉ャ?br />
寰楋紝鐦剧姱浜嗐?br />
灏忔潕灏忓０楠備簡涓鍙ワ紝璇达細鈥滆緣鍝ワ紝鎴戜及鎽镐粖澶╁張澶熷憶浜嗐傗?br />
灞曡緣鐐瑰ご锛岀湅浜嗕竴鐪煎乏鑵曚笂鐨勮〃锛氣滆\ue511鍚э紝閭ｅ挶鍝ュ効淇╀篃鐢\ue161垂鍔蹭簡銆傗?br />
鎺ョ潃浠栦粠鐑熺洅閲屾娊浜嗕竴鏍圭儫鍑烘潵锛屸滃暘鈥濆湴涓澹扮偣鐫浜嗭紝鑷\ue044繁鍏堝槵浜嗕竴鍙ｏ紝璺熷皬鏉庤\ue1e9锛氣滄娊瀹岃繖鏍癸紝鍜卞氨涓嬬彮銆傗?br />
灏忔潕鏄庣櫧浜嗭紝鍜備簡鍜傚槾璇磋\ue511锛屽張鍐查夯鍏\ue161\ue1e9锛氣滀綘灏卞彧绠″槾纭\ue100惂锛屽晩锛佲?br />
鈥滃埆锛屽埆鈥︹︹?br />
楹诲叚鍏ㄨ韩閮藉湪妞呭瓙涓婄敤鍔涘湴鎵\ue15e姩璧锋潵锛屽槾瑙掓祦鍑哄搱鍠囧瓙锛屽彧涓嶈繃鐭\ue160煭鐨勫嚑鍒嗛挓锛屼粬鐜板湪杩炶瘽閮芥湁鐐硅\ue1e9涓嶆竻妤氾細鈥滆\ue1e9鈥︹︽垜璇粹︹﹀厛銆佸厛缁欐垜鎶戒竴鍙ｂ︹︹?br />
浠栭殧鐫鏍忔潌鐩寸洿鍦颁几鐫閭ｅ弻鏋\ue21c槮鐨勬墜锛屾暣涓\ue047韩浣撻兘寮濮嬬棄鎸涖?br />
鈥滆\ue511锛屾娊瀹岃\ue1e9瀹屻傗?br />
灞曡緣鎶婄儫鍊掕浆杩囨潵锛屼几鎵嬬┛杩囬噾灞炴爮鏉嗙殑闂撮殭锛屾妸鐑熷噾鍒伴夯鍏\ue160殑鍢磋竟锛屽瀭鐪哥湅鐫杩欎釜浠ヨ穿鍏诲惛鐨勭樉鍚涘瓙璐\ue044┆鍦板槵浣忎簡鐑熷槾銆?br />
***
灞曡緣涔嬪墠鎯冲緱娌￠敊锛岄夯鍏\ue15f嫑鍑烘潵鐨勪笢瑗夸笉灏戙?br />
浣嗗叾涓\ue15f渶鏈夌敤鐨勪竴涓\ue043俊鎭\ue21b槸锛孲甯傜幇鍦ㄦ渶鈥滄祦琛屸濈殑鏂板瀷姣掑搧鈥滄按鏋滅硸鈥濓紝鍩烘湰鍙\ue219互纭\ue1bc畾閮芥槸浠庝竴鍚嶅\ue63b绫嶄汉澹\ue0a4殑鎵嬮噷娴佸嚭鐨勨斺旈夯鍏\ue161\ue1e9娌¤\ue746杩囬偅浜猴紝鍙\ue047窡浠栭氳繃鍑犳\ue0bc鐢佃瘽锛岃\ue1e9鏄\ue217滃彛闊虫\ue047厰鎬\ue047皟鐨勶紝涓鍚\ue100氨鏄\ue21d佸\ue63b鈥濄備粬鍘烩滄嬁璐р濅篃閮芥槸鈥滄棤鎺ヨЕ浜ゆ槗鈥濃斺斿湪绾﹀ソ鐨勫湴鏂圭暀涓嬧滄姤绾糕濓紙閽憋級锛屽啀鍘昏佸\ue63b閫氱煡浠栫殑鍙︿竴涓\ue044湴鐐瑰彇璐с?br />
鐜嬪嘲鍚\ue100畬灞曡緣鐨勬眹鎶ヨ繕鎸洪珮鍏达紝杩欎
', ' ')('簨缁堜簬鏈変簡杩涘睍锛屼粬鏄疭甯傚垜璀︽敮闃熺殑鏀\ue21e槦闀匡紝杩欎簺骞寸級姣掑舰鍔夸弗宄伙紝鈥滄瘨鍝侀噸鐐规暣娌诲湴鍖衡濈殑鈥滃附瀛愨濅竴鐩存病鎽樻帀锛岃佺帇娌″皯娈氱簿绔\ue161檻锛屽ご鍙戣姳浜嗕竴澶ф妸銆?br />
鑰佺帇璇达細鈥滄槑鍎夸笂鍗堝紑瀹屼細瀹氬畬鎶撴崟鏂规\ue50d锛屼綘鎶撶揣鍏堟瓏鍗婂ぉ銆傗?br />
灞曡緣璇达細鈥滅帇闃燂紝鎴戞兂瓒佺儹鎵撻搧銆傗?br />
鈥滃皬灞曪紝韬\ue0a1綋鏄\ue21e潻鍛界殑鏈\ue104挶锛屼綘鐬呬綘鐜板湪杩欐牱瀛愩傗濊佺帇鎸囦簡鎸囦粬锛屸滅（鍒涓嶈\ue1e4鐮嶆煷宸ワ紝杩欓亾鐞嗚繕瑕佹垜鏁欎綘鍟婏紵鈥?br />
鎶\ue100ご鐪嬭\ue746鐜嬪嘲韬\ue0a2悗鏌滃瓙鐨勭幓鐠冮棬鏄犲嚭鑷\ue044繁鑳″瓙鎷夌⒋澶撮《楦＄獫鐨勬ā鏍凤紝灞曡緣鎹忎簡涓嬬湁蹇冿紝鍗充娇韬\ue0a1綋搴曞瓙涓嶉敊锛屼絾杩炶酱杞\ue0ff簡濂藉嚑澶╋紝浠栬劯涓婄殑鐤茶壊涔熺‘瀹炴湁鐐规帺楗颁笉浣忎簡銆?br />
鈥滆\ue511锛屾湇浠庨\ue56b瀵煎畨鎺掞紝鈥濇繁鍚镐簡涓鍙ｆ皵锛屽睍杈夌珯璧锋潵璺熻佺帇鍛婅緸锛氣滈偅鎴戝氨姝囧崐澶╁効銆傗?br />
鎹忕潃杞﹂挜鍖欒蛋杩涜\ue11f闃熷\ue63b澶寸殑闇插ぉ鍋滆溅鍦猴紝涓涓\ue045嫀鐫澶чキ鐩掔殑骞磋交鐨勫コ瀛╁瓙鍜屽睍杈夎蛋浜嗕釜瀵硅劯銆?br />
涓瑙佷粬锛屽\ue756濞樼溂鐫涢兘浜\ue1bb簡锛氣滃睍杈夛紒鈥?br />
灞曡緣璁よ瘑杩欏\ue756濞橈紝濂瑰氨鏄\ue21c帇宄扮殑濂冲効锛屽彨鐜嬩匠濡\ue1c6紝涔熸槸涓婃\ue0bc宸嶅摜鍢撮噷鈥滈唹缈佷箣鎰忎笉鍦ㄩ厭鈥濈殑閭ｄ綅銆?br />
灞曡緣鍐插ス鐐圭偣澶达細鈥滄潵鎵剧帇闃熷晩锛屼粬杩樺湪鍔炲叕瀹ゅ憿銆傗?br />
濮戝\ue7be璇寸煡閬擄紝鍙堥棶浠栵細鈥滀綘涓嬬彮鍟︼紵鍚冮キ浜嗗悧锛熲?br />
娌＄瓑浠栧洖绛旓紝濂瑰張鎸虹儹鎯呭湴璇达細鈥滄垜缁欐垜鐖搁侀夯杈ｉ\ue6fe閿呮潵鐨勶紝浣犺\ue6e6娌″悆锛屼竴璧峰悆浜嗗啀鍥炲幓鍚э紵鈥?br />
鈥滀笉鐢ㄤ簡锛岃阿浜嗐傗濆睍杈夎蛋鍒拌溅鏃佽竟锛屼技涔庢槸鎯宠捣浜嗕粈涔堜簨锛屼粬鍕句簡鍕惧攪瑙掞細鈥滄垜鍘荤悊鍙戙傗?br />
***
鑱傚績鎱堢殑鍏\ue100徃鏂扮\ue137绾︾殑鑹轰汉鍙\ue0a2江鏅嬶紝鏄\ue21c幇鍦ㄦ祦閲忛矞鑲夐噷灏戞湁鐨勬紨鎶鍜岄\ue581鍊煎悓鏃跺湪绾跨殑閫夋墜锛岀矇涓濆熀纭涔熶笉閿欙紝鍏堝墠浠栬繕鎷胯繃涓涓\ue044惈閲戦噺涓嶄綆鐨勬柊浜哄\ue69b锛屽彲浠ヨ\ue1e9鏄\ue21e\ue5d3澶存\ue11c鍔层?br />
蹇冩厛鎸虹湅閲嶄粬锛岀粰浠栫\ue137浜嗕竴閮ㄥ埗浣滅彮搴曚笉閿欑殑鐢靛奖锛岀數褰卞彂甯冧細涔嬪悗鏈変釜灏忓瀷閰掍細锛屽埗浣滄柟銆佹姇璧勬柟鍜屼竴浜涙瘮杈冮噸瑕佺殑濯掍綋閮藉埌浜嗗満锛岃繖涓澶у府浜轰氦闄呬笅鏉ワ紝鑱傚績鎱堣\ue74e寰楄嚜宸辩殑鑴搁兘绗戝兊浜嗐?br />
濂瑰緱浜嗕釜绌哄幓閰掑簵鐨勬礂鎵嬮棿琛ュ\ue6eb锛屾病涓浼氬効锛屽姪鐞嗘\ue56a涓借帋涔熻繘鏉ヤ簡銆?br />
鈥滆佹澘锛岀疮浜嗗惂銆傗?br />
灏忔\ue56a娲椾簡鎵嬶紝鎷戒簡涓寮犳摝鎵嬬焊鍑烘潵锛氣滄垜鐪嬫偍鍒氭墠娌″皯鍠濓紝缁撴潫涔嬪悗鎴戦佹偍鍥炲幓鍚э紵鈥?br />
鈥滀笉鐢\ue7d2紝鎴戝彨浠ｉ┚灏辫\ue511銆傗?br />
鎵嬮噷鐨勭矇鎵戝湪榧荤考涓婃寜浜嗕袱涓嬶紝蹇冩厛璇达細鈥滃江鏅嬭繖鍎垮熀鏈\ue101悶瀹氫簡锛屾垜涔熻兘鏆傛椂鏀句笅蹇冦備綘涓浼氬効鏃╃偣鍥炲幓锛屾槑澶╂槸鍛ㄦ湯锛岀潯鎳掕\ue74e銆傗?br />
灏忔\ue56a鍙屾墜楂樹妇鍠婁簡涓澹拌佹澘涓囧瞾锛屽張璇达細鈥滃江鏅嬫嬁浜嗗\ue69b涔嬪悗鏇村績楂樻皵鍌蹭簡锛屾垜鍚\ue103\ue1e9涔嬪墠濂藉嚑瀹舵兂绛句粬锛岄兘鍥犱负浠栦簨鍎垮\ue63f鍙堣\ue6e6璇濊\ue1e2鏉冿紝鎵浠ユ墦浜嗛鍫傞紦銆傗?br />
蹇冩厛璇达細鈥滀集涔愬\ue1f0濂介┈锛屽ソ椹\ue0ff篃鏈夎祫鏍兼寫浼\ue219箰锛岀浉浜掔殑銆傗?br />
鈥滃暓锛屼篃鏄\ue218傗濇\ue56a涓借帋鐐瑰ご锛氣滃江鏅嬭窡鎴戞槸鍚岄緞浜衡︹︿汉瀹跺勾杞绘湁涓猴紝闀垮緱鍙堝竻锛屾垜鐓х収闀滃瓙瑙夊緱鑷\ue044繁韫夎穾寰楀儚浠栧Ж濡堬紒鈥?br />
鈥滃皬涓\ue0a2ご璇翠粈涔堝憿锛屸濆績鎱堟壂浜嗗ス涓鐪硷紝鍙堢瑧锛氣滈偅鎴戣繖鏍风殑鎬庝箞鍔烇紵涓嶈\ue6e6娲讳簡锛熲?br />
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