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Chapter 02锛堝井h锛?/h1>

绋嬪仴鍥炲埌鏁欏\ue17b鐨勬椂鍊欐櫄鑷\ue043範宸茬粡涓婁簡涓鍗婁簡銆?br />

鈥滆阿浜嗭紝鑰佷範銆傗濅粬琚\ue0a4彮閲屾渶澹\ue1be殑鑰佷範鑳屼簡灏忓崐澶╋紝鍥犱负璧剁潃鍘诲尰闄㈠\ue629鐞嗚剼浼わ紝鏅氶キ涔熸病鍚冧笂锛屾\ue11d鏃跺潗鍦ㄥ骇浣嶄笂楗ヨ偁杈樿緲锛屽啿搴т綅鍚庨潰鐨勫惔蹇楃繑闂\ue1bb簡涓鍙ワ紝鈥滄湁鍚冪殑鍚楋紵楗挎\ue134鎴戜簡銆傗?br />

鈥滄病鏈夈傗濆惔蹇楃繑姝ｅ湪瑙ｄ竴閬撴尯闅剧殑鏁板\ue11f棰橈紝澶翠篃娌℃姮锛屼粬鎵嬫寚鎶氱潃涓嬪反锛岀湁澶寸毐鐨勬\ue134绱с?br />

娌¤繃涓浼氾紝鍚村織缈旇В瀹屼簡棰橈紝浠庝功鍖呴噷鎺忓嚭涓鍖呴ゼ骞叉墧鍒颁簡鍓嶆\ue511:鈥滅埜鐖歌祻浣犵殑銆傗?br />

鈥滈潬锛屼綘涓嶆槸璇存病鏈夊悧锛佲濈▼鍋ラタ鍒伴【涓嶄笂鍚村織缈斿崰鐨勫槾涓婁究瀹滐紝鎵撳紑鍖呰\ue5ca灏卞線鍢撮噷濉烇紝鍓嶅悗宸﹀彸閮借兘鍚\ue100埌浠栧悆楗煎共鍙戝嚭鐨勫杸鍤撳０銆?br />

鈥滃垰鎵嶄笉鏄\ue21e【鐫鍋氶\ue57d鍢涳紝绛変細甯\ue1bb綘鍘讳拱瀹靛\ue641銆傛潵璺熷厔寮熻\ue1e9璇翠綘杩欒剼鑴栧瓙鎬庝箞鏍蜂簡銆傗?br />

鈥滈\ue007鎶樹簡銆傗濈▼鍋ヨ嫤绗戜簡涓涓嬶紝鈥滆繍姘斾笉濂斤紝楂樹腑绗\ue0ff竴娆℃墦鐞冭禌灏辫礋浼や簡銆傗?br />

鍧愬湪鏂滃悗鏂圭殑瀹嬫檽鎶婁袱浜虹殑浜よ皥涓瀛椾笉钀藉湴鍚\ue0ff簡鍘汇備綔涓轰竴涓\ue044崡鏂瑰コ瀛╋紝瀹嬫檽涓\ue048珮鑵块暱锛?6宀佸氨闀垮埌浜?绫?7锛岃蛋鍒板摢閮借兘鍚\ue100埌鍙斿彅闃垮Ж鍙逛竴澹?鈥滀綘澶氬ぇ浜嗭紵涓\ue044瓙濂介珮鍟婏紒鈥濅絾鐖舵瘝缁欑殑楂樹釜鍜岄暱鑵垮苟娌℃湁缁欏畫鏅撳甫鏉ヤ粈涔堣繍鍔ㄥぉ鍒嗭紝鐩稿弽锛屽ス鏋佸叾璁ㄥ帉杩愬姩銆備篃澶氫簭鐖舵瘝缁欑殑鍏堝ぉ鏉′欢锛屽彧瑕佽兘绠′綇鍢达紝濂瑰嵆浣夸笉鎬庝箞杩愬姩锛屼綋鍨嬩篃鑳戒繚鎸佸緱寰堝寑绉般備綋鑲茶\ue1f3濂逛篃鍙\ue045槸闅忎究瀹屾垚鑰佸笀杩欒妭璇剧殑浠诲姟锛屽氨韬插埌涓杈圭殑鏍戣崼涓嬪拰鍏充箰浜堣亰澶┿傝嚜鐒讹紝濂逛篃涓嶈兘浣撲細鍒板洜涓鸿繍鍔ㄥ彈鐨勪激鏈夊\ue63f鐤笺備絾濂瑰伔鍋风瀯浜嗕竴鐪肩▼鍋ョ殑鑴氳厱锛岄偅閲岃\ue766绾卞竷鍖呰９鐫锛屼竴灞傚張涓灞傦紝鐧借壊鐨勭罕甯冮殣绾﹂忓嚭榛勮\ue635鑹茬殑鑽\ue21b笉锛屾瘮璧风步瀛愭洿鍍忎竴涓\ue045病鎹忓ソ褰㈢姸鐨勮倝鍖呭瓙锛岀湅涓婂幓锛岃繕鎸虹柤鐨勩?br />

绋嬪仴涓闈㈠拰鍚村織缈旇\ue1e9鐫璇濓紝涓闈㈢敤鐪艰\ue757浣欏厜鍋峰伔鐣欐剰鐫鏂滃悗鏂归偅涓\ue044コ瀛╃殑鍔ㄩ潤銆傚コ瀛╁緢瀹夐潤鍦颁綆澶村仛鐫棰橈紝鍍忔槸涓蹇冩墤鍦ㄤ簡瀛︿範涓婏紝瀵瑰叾浠栦簨鏍规湰涓嶅叧蹇冦傚\ue1ee鍚屽\ue11f鍙椾激涓鐐圭偣鍏冲績閮芥病鏈夊悧锛岀▼鍋ュ績鎯筹紝鐪熷喎婕犮?br />

绋嬪仴涓嶆槸澶翠竴鍥炴敞鎰忓畫鏅撱傛柊鐢熻嚜鎴戜粙缁嶆椂锛屽ぇ瀹惰繕娌￠\ue56b鍒版柊鏍℃湇锛岄兘绌跨潃鑷\ue044繁鐨勪究鏈嶃傚畫鏅撶┛鐫涓鏉￠暱鍒拌啙鐩栫殑鏀惰叞杩炶。瑁欙紝鑴氫笂鏄\ue219竴鍙岀櫧鑹叉澘闉嬶紝闇插嚭鐧藉\ue066鐨勫皬鑵匡紝鏄惧緱鏁翠釜浜鸿叞缁嗚吙闀裤備粠閭ｅぉ寮濮嬶紝鐢风敓瀹胯垗閲屽氨寮濮嬪彨濂光滈暱鑵垮コ绁炩濄傜▼鍋ュ惉鍒拌繃锛屼絾娌″簲鍜岃繃浠栦滑鐨勮瘽棰橈紝鍙\ue044湪蹇冮噷璧炲悓锛岃吙鐨勭‘鎸洪暱銆?br />

寮瀛︿竴鍛\ue7d2紝鏂版牎鏈嶉檰缁\ue15e彂鍒颁簡瀛︾敓浠\ue101墜涓\ue168紝鑷\ue046劧涓嶈兘鍐嶇┛渚挎湇锛屽ぇ瀹堕兘鎹\ue76d笂浜嗙櫧涓婅。钃濋暱瑁ょ殑鏂版牎鏈嶃傚畫鏅撶\ue0c7涓娆＄┛鐫鏍℃湇璧拌繘鏁欏\ue17b鏃讹紝绋嬪仴鐨勭洰鍏変竴鎵\ue0a2氨鐪嬪埌浜嗗ス鐨勮剼鑵曪紝鍦ㄨ摑鑹茶￥绠″拰鐧借壊鏉块瀷涔嬮棿闇插嚭涓鎴\ue046櫧鐨欑殑鐨\ue1bf偆锛岀粏鐦︾獊鍑虹殑鑵曢\ue007杩橀殣闅愰忕潃绮夈傚叾瀹炰袱浜虹\ue787寰楀苟涓嶈繎锛岀▼鍋ヤ篃涓嶆噦鑷\ue044繁涓轰粈涔堝氨娉ㄦ剰鍒伴偅涓灏忓潡鍦版柟浜嗭紝杩橀\ue0d7浣跨\ue6a3宸\ue1bc湴澶氱湅浜嗗嚑鐪笺傜▼鍋ヤ笉鐭ラ亾杩欑畻涓嶇畻鍐掔姱浜嗗コ瀛╁瓙锛屼絾浠栬繕鏄\ue21a湪蹇冮噷鎶婅嚜宸卞斁楠備簡涓椤裤?br />

楠傚綊楠傦紝浠庨偅澶╄捣绋嬪仴灏卞ぉ澶╅兘鐪嬪嚑鐪煎畫鏅撶殑鑴氳厱銆傛湁鏃舵槸涓嬫ゼ鍘诲仛璇鹃棿鎿嶇殑鏃跺欙紝浠栬蛋鍦ㄧ\ue787濂瑰嚑姝ヨ繙鐨勫悗闈\ue76e紝杩欐牱瑙嗙嚎涓嶄細澶\ue044埢鎰忥紝鍙堣兘鐪嬪緱娓呮\ue69f;鏈夋椂鏄\ue21d\ue1f3闂翠紤鎭\ue224紝浠栨嬁鐫姘存澂缁忚繃濂硅韩杈癸紝瑁呬綔浣庡ご鐪嬭矾锛屽疄鍒欏皢瑙嗙嚎钀藉湪鑴氳厱涓婏紝椋炲揩鍦颁竴鎵\ue0a5岃繃銆?br />

鈥滈偅浣犺繖娈垫椂闂磋蛋璺\ue21e兘寰楅潬鎷愭潠浜嗭紵鈥濆惔蹇楃繑璇寸潃锛屽彂鐜伴潰鍓嶈繖鍘\ue1be殑娉ㄦ剰鍔涘凡缁忔槑鏄句笉鍦ㄤ粬浠\ue0ff咯鐨勮皥璇濅笂銆傞『鐫浠栫殑鐩\ue1bc厜涓鐬ワ紝鍑戜笂鍓嶅皬澹拌\ue1e9锛屸滅湅浠涔堝憿锛熷畫濂崇\ue6a3锛熸庝箞锛熷\ue1ee浜哄\ue18d鏈夋剰鎬濓紵鈥?br />

鈥滃埆鐬庤\ue1e9銆傗濈▼鍋ョ敤涓鍧楅ゼ骞插牭浣忎簡鍚村

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織缈旂殑鍢淬?br />

鈥滅瀻娌＄瀻璇翠綘鑷\ue044繁蹇冮噷鏈夋暟銆傗濆惔蹇楃繑涓嶄互涓烘剰锛屽毤鐫楗煎共缁х画鍋氳捣浣滀笟鏉ャ?br />

鍒氬紑瀛︽病澶氫箙锛岃\ue1f3涓氬苟涓嶇箒閲嶃傜▼鍋ヨ刀鍦ㄦ櫄鑷\ue043範涓嬭\ue1f3鍓嶅仛瀹屼簡浣滀笟锛屼笅璇鹃搩涓鍝嶅氨鎷勭潃鎷愭潠鍑嗗\ue62c寰澶栬蛋銆傜粡杩囧畫鏅撹韩杈规椂锛岀湅鍒板ス杩樺湪鍟冧竴閬撶墿鐞嗛夋嫨棰樸傜▼鍋ュ瀭鐪哥湅浜嗗嚑鐪奸\ue57d鐩\ue1c6紝鎸囦簡鎸囩粌涔犲唽涓婄殑閫夐」锛屸滆繖棰橀塀銆傜粨鍚坴-t鍥惧儚姣旇緝瀹规槗鐞嗚В銆傗?br />

瀹嬫檽椤剧潃鍋氶\ue57d锛屽畬鍏ㄦ病娉ㄦ剰鍒版湁浜虹珯鍦ㄥス韬\ue0a5竟浜嗭紝绋嬪仴涓鍑哄０鐫瀹炴妸濂瑰悡浜嗕竴璺炽傚ス鐚涚劧鎶\ue103捣澶达紝鎰ｆ劊鐨勭湅鐫浠栵紝鈥溾︹﹁阿璋\ue76c傗?br />

绋嬪仴瀵瑰ス绗戠瑧锛屸滀笉瀹㈡皵銆傗?br />

瀹嬫檽涔熷洖浠ュ井绗戯紝浣庝笅澶寸户缁\ue161В棰橈紝蹇冮噷姝\ue76d笉浣忕殑鎯筹紝浠栫瑧璧锋潵鎸哄ソ鐪嬬殑銆傜溂鐫涘井寰\ue1be湳璧凤紝寮\ue21b垚涓ら亾寮х嚎锛屽槾瑙掍笂鎵\ue10a紝鍙宠竟鍢磋\ue757濂藉儚鎵\ue100緱鏇撮珮涓鐐广傛棩鍏夌伅涓嬶紝灏戝勾鏄庢槑绗戝緱寰堝共鍑锛屽亸鍋忚\ue766杩欎竴鐐逛笂鎵\ue101煋涓婁簡涓涓濈棡鍧忋?br />

杩欎箞鎯崇潃锛屽畫鏅撶殑鍢磋\ue757涔熸倓鎮勫集浜嗚捣鏉ャ?br />

鍙︿竴杈癸紝绋嬪仴涔熸棤娉曞仛鍒板績鎯呮\ue1e0鏃犳尝鍔ㄣ?br />

杩欐槸浠栧紑瀛︿互鏉ュ拰瀹嬫檽绗\ue0ff竴娆¤繖涔堣繎璺濈\ue787鍦版帴瑙︺傚畫鏅撴姮璧峰ご鏉ョ殑閭ｄ竴鐬\ue104棿锛屼粬濂戒技琚\ue0a6偅鍙岀溂鐫涙憚浜嗗績榄勩傚コ瀛╃溂鐫\ue0a3祿瀵嗙氦闀匡紝鐬充粊榛戜寒锛岃\ue766绐佺劧鐨勫０闊冲悡寰楀樊鐐硅烦浜嗚捣鏉ワ紝鍍忎釜鍙楁儕鐨勫皬鍏斿瓙锛屾按鐪镐腑杩樺甫鐫涓涓濈枒鎯戙備粬绗\ue0ff竴娆″湪杩欏弻鐪肩潧閲屽畬鏁村湴鐪嬪埌鑷\ue044繁锛岄湈鏃堕棿鏈変簺鏃犳帾銆備絾浠栧湪杩欎唤鏃犳帾琛ㄩ湶鍑烘潵涔嬪墠杩呴熻皟鏁村ソ浜嗚嚜宸憋紝鍐插コ瀛╃瑧浜嗙瑧銆備粬涓嶇煡閬撹嚜宸辩殑绗戝\ue190鐪嬭捣鏉ユ庝箞鏍凤紝浼氫笉浼氱湅涓婂幓寰堝\ue68c鎬\ue04e紝鍙\ue21a埆鏄\ue21b瘮鍝\ue161繕闅剧湅鐨勯偅绉嶇瑧锛岄偅浠栧ぇ姒備細缇炴劋鑰屾\ue134銆?br />

灏戝勾鐨勫績鎬濆氨鍍忓\ue641鏅氱殑棣欐\ue7c5鏍戯紝姘斿懗瀵℃贰锛屽張璁╀汉鏃犳硶蹇借\ue74b銆?br />

绋嬪仴涓鍔ㄤ笉鍔ㄥ湴绔欏湪鎴块棿閲岋紝鐪嬬潃澶у簥涓婃帴杩戣丹瑁哥殑濂冲\ue122銆備粬娼滄剰璇嗕腑瑙夊緱杩欐牱鐩磋\ue74b濂冲\ue122瀛愮殑韬\ue0a1綋鏄\ue219笉瀵圭殑锛岀敤灏藉叏鍔涙兂绉诲紑瑙嗙嚎锛屼絾浠栦笣姣\ue0a3棤娉曞姩寮广?br />

濂冲\ue122杞诲枠鐫锛屽攪闂翠笉鏂\ue15e悙闇茬潃浠涔堝０闊筹紝寮曠潃绋嬪仴鍑戣繎鍘诲惉銆?br />

濂硅交澹板枈鐫锛屸滅▼鍋モ︹︾▼鍋モ︹︽懜鎽告垜鈥︹︹濅箤榛戞祿瀵嗙殑闀垮彂鏁ｈ惤鍦ㄥ簥涓婏紝濂冲\ue122鐨勯\ue582澶村凡缁忔瞾鍑虹粏姹楋紝闈㈣壊绾㈡鼎锛屽凡鐒舵儏鍔ㄣ?br />

绋嬪仴涓嶅彈鎺у埗鍦颁几鍑轰竴鍙\ue045墜锛屾姎涓婁簡灏忓阀鐨勮剼鑵曘傚皯濂崇\ue7c0瀚╃殑鑲岃偆瀹涜嫢鍝佽川涓婂ソ鐨勪笣缁革紝鎵嬫劅鏋佷匠锛岀▼鍋ュ繊涓嶄綇锛屽紑濮嬬敤鎵嬫寚杞绘弶锛屽皯骞村甫鐫钖勮導鐨勬墜鎸囨潵鍥炴姎鎽哥潃绾ょ粏鐨勮厱楠\ue7d2紝缁ц屾部鐫灏忚吙鐨勭嚎鏉★紝鎱㈡參鍚戜笂銆?br />

鈥滃敂鈥︹︹濆コ瀛╁攪闂存孩鍑轰竴澹板▏鍚燂紝浼稿嚭鎵嬶紝鐗佃繃灏戝勾鐨勫彟涓鍙\ue045墜锛屽紩鍒拌嚜宸辩殑鑳稿墠锛岀敤婀挎級婕夌殑鍙岀湼鐬х潃浠栵紝鈥滄懜涓鎽歌繖閲屻傗?br />

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浠栧皠浜嗐?br />

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